{"id":1204,"date":"2013-09-04T21:51:48","date_gmt":"2013-09-04T21:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/refugeeresearch.net\/ms\/km\/?p=1204"},"modified":"2013-09-10T18:31:30","modified_gmt":"2013-09-10T18:31:30","slug":"behind-sydneys-multicultural-veil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/refugeeresearch.net\/ms\/km\/2013\/09\/04\/behind-sydneys-multicultural-veil\/","title":{"rendered":"Behind Sydney&#8217;s multicultural veil"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Asylum-seekers are at the front of many minds ahead of Saturday&#8217;s election.<\/h2>\n<table width=\"100%\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"articleMedia\">\n<td>\n<div id=\"mediaContainer\">\n<div id=\"ctl00_cphBody_ArticleMedia1_mediaView\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/mritems\/Images\/2013\/9\/2\/201392133455824621_20.jpg\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000\">As part of &#8216;National Harmony Day&#8217;, some young Muslim women wore Australian flag hijabs in Melbourne [EPA]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td id=\"ctl00_cphBody_tdTextContent\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Sydney, Australia &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong>Reports of the Australian navy intercepting boatloads of asylum-seekers trigger vivid flashbacks for Dr Tania Nguyen, a dentist in Sydney&#8217;s west who arrived by sea as a Vietnamese refugee in the 1980s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Her spotless, brightly lit surgery in suburban Greenfield Park is a world away from the cramped fish-holds where she spent five harrowing days and nights as a 13-year-old.<\/span><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #000000\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/mritems\/Images\/2013\/9\/2\/20139212315167734_20.jpg\" width=\"330\" height=\"218\" border=\"0\" \/><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Tania Nguyen, a dentist in Sydney, arrived by boat as a\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong style=\"color: #000000;line-height: 1.714285714;font-size: inherit\">refugee from Vietnam [Sarah Colyer\/Al Jazeera]<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">She journeyed towards her new home aboard a 15-metre motorised fishing boat, huddled below deck with some 70 fellow passengers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Everyone sat like this,&#8221; she said, bringing her knees to her chest. &#8220;If you wanted to go to the toilet you just had to do it there.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Nguyen and her family managed to reach safe harbour in Thailand, suffering only moderate dehydration. They lived there for two years in a refugee camp, each confined routinely to 70 square centimetres of allocated floor space, until Australian authorities accepted them as refugees.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Now, almost three decades on, patients reclining in Nguyen&#8217;s dental chair regularly air their thoughts on &#8220;boat people&#8221; &#8211; a burning issue in the lead-up to the federal election on Saturday, amid an increase in official arrivals from 60 in 2006 to more than 17,000 in 2012.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>&#8216;Racist undertone&#8217;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Prime Minister Kevin Rudd&#8217;s ruling Labor Party announced in July that asylum-seekers coming by boat would be\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/asia-pacific\/2013\/07\/201371974716301126.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">sent to the Pacific island countries of Papua New Guinea<\/span><\/a>\u00a0or Nauru instead of Australia, to be detained until their visa applications could be processed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Almost 1,000 people seeking asylum in Australia have drowned at sea since 2007, when Rudd began his first of two stints as prime minister, according to the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/artsonline.monash.edu.au\/thebordercrossingobservatory\/publications\/australian-border-deaths-database\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Monash Australian Border Deaths Database<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Labor has said this is why it has adopted such a tough stance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Others, however, feel there are darker motives at play\u00a0&#8211; a racist undertone in a country that adhered to a White Australia Policy until the early 1970s; where a mob of 5,000 people, many draped in the national flag, rioted on Sydney&#8217;s Cronulla beach in 2006, while chanting anti-Muslim slogans; where a spate of unprovoked attacks on Indian students in Melbourne generated headlines globally in 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Pollster John Scales, of JWS Research, has said that much of the anger directed against Labor has its roots in a kind of racist-tinged envy, with migrant voters worried that new boat arrivals from other countries will lessen their own chances of bringing more family members to Australia<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">However, Tim\u00a0Soutphommasane, Australia&#8217;s Race Discrimination Commissioner, disagrees.&#8221;It&#8217;s a different sort of racism to standard Australian Anglo-Saxon racism,&#8221; Scales told\u00a0<em style=\"line-height: 1.714285714;font-size: inherit\">Reuters<\/em>. &#8220;But it&#8217;s still racism.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;It&#8217;s not a case of deep rooted racism in Australian society,&#8221; he said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;The issue of asylum-seekers brings together social, economic and cultural concerns.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Nguyen also rejects the notion that Australia is an inherently\u00a0racist country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;It&#8217;s not good to be an illegal immigrant. You can get an application, and if you are a genuine refugee you should be accepted by the Australian government and given a chance to thrive.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;You don\u2019t want to bring people in and then ruin your country.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Job discrimination<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"right\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"color: #000000\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/mritems\/imagecache\/206\/309\/mritems\/Images\/2013\/9\/2\/201392123319389734_20.jpg\" border=\"0\" \/><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"middle\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Mannoun, mayor of Sydney suburb Liverpool, was born in the US to Lebanese-African parents [Sarah Colyer\/Al Jazeera]<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Despite the tough talk, Australian politicians have not abandoned the language of multiculturalism like some of their counterparts have in Europe, where German chancellor Angela Merkel declared the death of &#8220;multikulti&#8221; in October 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Soutphommasane said the Australian and European experiences had been starkly different.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;The children of overseas-born Australians outperform the children of native-born when it comes to educational outcomes and work outcomes,&#8221; he said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;That is a ringing endorsement of how multicultural Australia has fared.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Discrimination still exists, he concedes, particularly in regards to job opportunities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><a href=\"http:\/\/people.anu.edu.au\/andrew.leigh\/pdf\/AuditDiscrimination.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">A 2009 study<\/span><\/a>\u00a0found people with Middle Eastern- or Chinese-sounding surnames were less likely to be called back from an Australian employer after submitting their resume, compared with people with Anglo Saxon- or Italian-sounding names.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;In general, Australia has conducted a grand experiment as an immigrant nation and succeeded,&#8221;Soutphommasane told Al Jazeera.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Nowhere in Australia has multiculturalism been tested more rigorously than in Sydney&#8217;s west. The suburb of Lakemba is home to one of the largest mosques in Australia, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.censusdata.abs.gov.au\/census_services\/getproduct\/census\/2011\/quickstat\/SSC11322?opendocument&amp;navpos=220\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">more than half the population is Muslim<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Further west along the Hume Highway is Cabramatta, where every second resident is Chinese or Vietnamese,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.censusdata.abs.gov.au\/census_services\/getproduct\/census\/2011\/quickstat\/SSC10421?opendocument&amp;navpos=220\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Australian Census figures show<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">In one short stretch of Liverpool is there is a Taoist temple, an Assyrian function centre, a Baptist church and a Hungarian social club.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Liverpool is also developing an Indian shopping strip, and hosted its first Bollywood festival in August.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Drive-by shootings<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">This array of cultures is part of western Sydney&#8217;s charm, according to Liverpool&#8217;s Muslim mayor, Ned Mannoun,\u00a0who was born in the US to Lebanese-African parents before moving to Australia, aged 11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">It was Sydney&#8217;s multiculturalism that lured his businessman father to the city in 1993.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;In Australia, we encourage people to hold on to their heritage more than they do in America,&#8221; said Mannoun, who regards the best part of his job to be officiating at citizenship ceremonies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Mannoun does not believe racial discrimination is a problem in Australia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;If we&#8217;d sat here five years ago and said there would be a 30-year-old Muslim mayor in Liverpool, people would have laughed,&#8221; Mannoun said. &#8220;But I don&#8217;t believe in making excuses.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">While the race riots on Cronulla beach eight years ago have not been repeated, ethnic tensions in Sydney remain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">The New South Wales Police Force has a Middle Eastern Organised Crime Squad and an Asian Crime Squad, while crime statistics reveal a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au\/Lawlink\/bocsar\/ll_bocsar.nsf\/pages\/bocsar_mr_bb85\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">concentration of drive-by shootings<\/span><\/a>\u00a0in Sydney&#8217;s west.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">A new gang, the Brothers for Life, comprising mostly young, Middle Eastern men, has come to the attention of the Australian media in recent months.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">The gang has targeted Sydney&#8217;s Sunni Muslim community with a spate of extortion cases, knee-cappings, shootings and murders, according to reports.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">However, Nick Kaldas, the Egyptian-born deputy commissioner of New South Wales Police, argues that the fact there has not been another Cronulla riot is testament to better relations between police and Sydney&#8217;s ethnically diverse communities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Police now regularly meet cultural and religious leaders. The force is also trying to recruit more heavily from minority groups, while encouraging foreign language study.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Kaldas doubts the trouble in Cronulla has bolstered numbers in ethnically based gangs. He believes the violence alarmed most Australians and led to concerted efforts, especially by Lebanese-Muslim organisations, to improve community relations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">But Kaldas said:\u00a0&#8220;A number of people from ethnically diverse backgrounds have gravitated towards outlaw motorcycle groups in the last five years\u00a0&#8211; groups that used to be almost neo-Nazi.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">The deputy commissioner\u00a0said he did not have much sympathy for the notion that these people were only carrying out crimes because they were disenfranchised, or from a low socio-economic background.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Tensions overseas, particularly in the Middle East, have occasionally ignited violent flare-ups on Sydney&#8217;s streets, he notes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Understanding of Islam<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Ahmad Malas, the Australian-born spokesman for the Lebanese Muslim Association of Australia, believes most people want to preserve the peacefulness they have in Australia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Many community members are really saddened when they see people bringing conflicts from the Middle East into Australia, to the extent that it becomes violent,&#8221; he said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">While he still endures the occasional taunt of: &#8220;Go back to your own country,&#8221; Malas feels that Australia is becoming more understanding of Islam, and that the relationship between police and the Lebanese Muslim community in Sydney is improving.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;The best thing about being Australian is that I can still practice my religion, and live in a society that&#8217;s stable and peaceful,&#8221; he said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">In 2013-14, Australia expects to welcome 190,000 new migrants and a further 20,000 refugees,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aph.gov.au\/About_Parliament\/Parliamentary_Departments\/Parliamentary_Library\/pubs\/rp\/BudgetReview201314\/Migration\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">official figures show<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Ensuring these newcomers can participate constructively in Australian life will take work and perseverance, Soutphommasane, Australia&#8217;s Race Discrimination Commissioner said:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;It&#8217;s dangerous\u00a0to think that the task of cultivating openness and acceptance is ever over.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em><strong>Follow Sarah Colyer on Twitter:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/colyers\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">@colyers<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Asylum-seekers are at the front of many minds ahead of Saturday&#8217;s election. As part of &#8216;National Harmony Day&#8217;, some young Muslim women wore Australian flag hijabs in Melbourne [EPA] Sydney, Australia &#8211;\u00a0Reports of the Australian navy intercepting boatloads of asylum-seekers trigger vivid flashbacks for Dr Tania Nguyen, a dentist in Sydney&#8217;s west who arrived by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-migration-headlines"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Behind Sydney&#039;s multicultural veil - Knowledge Migration<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/refugeeresearch.net\/ms\/km\/2013\/09\/04\/behind-sydneys-multicultural-veil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Behind Sydney&#039;s multicultural veil - Knowledge Migration\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Asylum-seekers are at the front of many minds ahead of Saturday&#8217;s election. As part of &#8216;National Harmony Day&#8217;, some young Muslim women wore Australian flag hijabs in Melbourne [EPA] Sydney, Australia &#8211;\u00a0Reports of the Australian navy intercepting boatloads of asylum-seekers trigger vivid flashbacks for Dr Tania Nguyen, a dentist in Sydney&#8217;s west who arrived by [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/refugeeresearch.net\/ms\/km\/2013\/09\/04\/behind-sydneys-multicultural-veil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Knowledge Migration\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-09-04T21:51:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2013-09-10T18:31:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/mritems\/Images\/2013\/9\/2\/201392133455824621_20.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"km\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"km\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/refugeeresearch.net\/ms\/km\/2013\/09\/04\/behind-sydneys-multicultural-veil\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/refugeeresearch.net\/ms\/km\/2013\/09\/04\/behind-sydneys-multicultural-veil\/\",\"name\":\"Behind Sydney's multicultural veil - 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