One of the central contradictions characterising the state of BosniaHerzegovina that emerged from the ashes of the 19921995
war concerns the territorial distribution of its population according to nationality. On the one hand, the foreign intervention, and the
Dayton Peace Agreement it brokered, sanctioned its division into largely nationally homogenised polities, consolidating military conquests. On the other hand, large foreign funds were invested in programmes of refugee repatriation and return to redress ethnic cleansing, with considerable success in terms of property restitution. Rather than understanding these dynamics as a resurrection of a prior situation, this article considers them as part of a set of interrelated transformations. Working from ethnographic material gathered among Bosniac repatriates in the early phases of large-scale return, it ? rst introduces the notion of refuchess, the strategic deployment and movement of nationalised persons across nationalised places. It then zooms out to investigate such return movements more generally in terms of different projects of home making and in terms of their paradoxical implications on the national demographic structure of BosniaHerzegovina.